Izindlela zokugcina amandla zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamacandelo amabini: aphakathi kunye nokuhanjiswa.Ukwenza lula ukuqonda, okubizwa ngokuba "ukugcinwa kwamandla okuphakathi" kuthetha "ukubeka onke amaqanda kwibhasikithi enye", kunye nokuzalisa isitya esikhulu kunye neebhetri zokugcina amandla ukufezekisa injongo yokugcina amandla;“ugcino lwamandla olusasazwayo” luthetha “i-Put amaqanda kwibhaskithi enye”, isixhobo esikhulu sokugcina amandla sahlulwe saba ziimodyuli ezininzi, kunye nezixhobo zokugcina amandla ezinomthamo ohambelanayo zibumbeke ngokweemfuno zokwenene zesicelo ngexesha lokusasazwa.
Ugcino lwamandla asasaziweyo, ngamanye amaxesha lubizwa ngokuba ngugcino lwamandla kwicala lomsebenzisi, lugxininisa iimeko zokusetyenziswa kogcino lwamandla.Ukongeza kwindawo yokugcina amandla kwicala lomsebenzisi, kukho indawo eyaziwayo ngakumbi yecala lamandla kunye negridi.Abanini bemizi-mveliso kunye nabarhwebi kunye nabasebenzisi bezindlu ngamaqela amabini angundoqo omthengi wokugcinwa kwamandla omsebenzisi-icala, kwaye injongo yabo ephambili yokusebenzisa ukugcinwa kwamandla kukudlala imisebenzi yomgangatho wamandla, i-backup engxamisekileyo, ixesha lokusetyenziswa kwexabiso lombane, umthamo. ixabiso njalo njalo.Ngokwahlukileyo, icala lamandla kukusombulula ukusetyenziswa kwamandla amatsha, imveliso egudileyo kunye nolawulo lwamaza;ngelixa icala legridi yamandla ikakhulu kukusombulula iinkonzo ezincedisayo zolawulo lwencopho kunye nolawulo lwamaza, ukunciphisa ukuxinana komgca, unikezelo lwamandla okuxhasa kunye nokuqalisa okumnyama.
Ukususela kumbono wofakelo kunye nokugunyaziswa, ngenxa yamandla amakhulu ezixhobo zekhonteyina, ukukhutshwa kombane kuyadingeka xa kuthunyelwa kwindawo yomthengi.Ukuze ungachaphazeli ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kweefektri okanye izakhiwo zorhwebo, abavelisi bezixhobo zokugcina amandla kufuneka bakha ebusuku, kwaye ixesha lokwakha liya kwandiswa.Iindleko nazo zonyuswa ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa ukuthunyelwa kokugcinwa kwamandla asasazwayo kuguquguquka ngakumbi kwaye ixabiso liphantsi.Ngaphaya koko, ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kwezixhobo zokugcina amandla ezisasaziweyo kuphezulu.Amandla emveliso yesixhobo esikhulu sokugcina amandla esikhongozeli sijikeleze i-500 kilowatts, kwaye amandla okufaka alinganisiweyo uninzi lwabaguquli kwiindawo zoshishino kunye nezorhwebo yi-630 kilowatts.Oku kuthetha ukuba emva kokuba isixhobo sokugcina amandla esisembindini sidityanisiwe, sigubungela ngokusisiseko umthamo wonke we-transformer, ngelixa umthwalo we-transformer eqhelekileyo ngokuqhelekileyo i-40% -50%, elingana nesixhobo se-500-kilowatt, eneneni kuphela. isebenzisa 200- 300 kilowatts, ibangela inkunkuma eninzi.Ukugcinwa kwamandla asasazwayo kunokwahlula yonke i-kilowatts ye-100 kwimodyuli, kwaye ihambise inani elihambelanayo leemodyuli ngokweemfuno zangempela zabathengi, ukwenzela ukuba izixhobo ziya kusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo.
Kwiifektri, iipaki zoshishino, izikhululo zokutshaja, izakhiwo zorhwebo, amaziko edatha, njl., ukugcinwa kwamandla asasazwayo kuyafuneka nje.Ikakhulu baneentlobo ezintathu zeemfuno:
Eyokuqala kukunciphisa iindleko zeemeko zokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu.Umbane lixabiso elikhulu kushishino nakurhwebo.Iindleko zombane kumaziko eenkcukacha zenza i-60% -70% yeendleko zokusebenza.Njengoko i-peak-to-valley umahluko kumaxabiso ombane ikhula, ezi nkampani ziya kukwazi ukunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zombane ngokutshintsha iincopho zokuzalisa iintlambo.
Okwesibini kukudityaniswa kwelanga kunye nokugcinwa ukwandisa umlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa kwamandla aluhlaza.Umrhumo wekhabhoni obekwe yiManyano yaseYurophu uya kubangela ukuba amashishini amakhulu asekhaya ajongane nokunyuka kweendleko ezinkulu xa engena kwimarike yaseYurophu.Yonke ikhonkco kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-industrial chain chain iya kuba nemfuno yombane oluhlaza, kwaye iindleko zokuthenga umbane oluhlaza azincinci, ngoko ke inani elikhulu langaphandle I-factory yakha "i-photovoltaic esasazwayo + yokusabalalisa amandla okugcina amandla" ngokwawo.
Eyokugqibela kukwandiswa kwe-transformer, esetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiimfumba zokutshaja, ngakumbi iimfumba zokutshaja ezikhawulezayo kunye nemiboniso yefektri.Ngo-2012, amandla okutshaja eemfumba zokutshaja isithuthi samandla amatsha ayengama-60 kW, kwaye anyuke afikelela kwi-120 kW ngoku, kwaye aqhubela phambili ukuya kuma-360 kW ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza okukhulu.Uphuhliso lomkhombandlela wemfumba.Ngaphantsi kolu mandla okuhlawula, iivenkile eziqhelekileyo okanye izikhululo zokutshaja azikho i-transformers engafunekiyo ekhoyo kwinqanaba legridi, kuba ibandakanya ukwandiswa kwegridi yegridi, ngoko ke kufuneka itshintshwe ngokugcina amandla.
Xa ixabiso lombane liphantsi, inkqubo yokugcina amandla ihlawuliswa;xa ixabiso lombane liphezulu, inkqubo yokugcina amandla iyakhutshwa.Ngale ndlela, abasebenzisi banokuthatha inzuzo yomahluko kumaxabiso ombane aphezulu kunye nentlambo ye-arbitrage.Abasebenzisi banciphisa iindleko zokusetyenziswa kombane, kwaye igridi yamandla iphinda inciphise uxinzelelo lwexesha langempela lokulinganisa amandla.Le yingcinga esisiseko yokuba iimarike kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zikhuthaza ugcino lwamandla kwicala lomsebenzisi.Ngo-2022, i-grid yokugcina amandla e-grid-eqhagamshelwe isikali iya kufikelela kwi-7.76GW / 16.43GWh, kodwa ngokumalunga nokuhanjiswa kwentsimi yesicelo, ukugcinwa kwamandla okusebenza kwicala lomsebenzisi kuphela i-akhawunti ye-10% yomthamo odibeneyo wegridi.Ngoko ke, kwixesha elidlulileyo abantu abaninzi, ukuthetha malunga nokugcinwa kwamandla kufuneka kube "yiprojekthi enkulu" kunye notyalo-mali lwezigidi ezingamashumi ezigidi, kodwa abazi kancinci malunga nokugcinwa kwamandla omsebenzisi, okuhambelana ngokusondeleyo kwimveliso kunye nobomi babo. .Le meko iza kuphuculwa ngokwandiswa kwexabiso lombane osuka phezulu ukuya entlanjeni kunye nokunyuswa kwenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-23-2023